Medical Treatments for Prostate Cancer

There are many different medical treatments for prostate cancer that involve the clinical care of a healthcare professional. These treatments include expectant therapy, surgery, radiation therapy, hormone therapy, and chemotherapy. Expectant therapy is to carefully observe and monitor the prostate cancer. Because prostate cancer cells often spread very slowly, many older men who have the disease may not need more extensive treatment. However, expectant therapy usually includes routine physician examinations, including digital rectal exams and PSA tests. The different types of surgery for prostate cancer are radical prostatectomy - an open-surgery procedure in which the entire prostate gland and surrounding tissue are removed. Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) - surgery to remove part of the prostate gland that surrounds the urethra. Cryosurgery - this procedure involves killing the cancer cells by freezing them with a small metal tool placed in the tumor. Side effects of prostate cancer surgery include incontinence and impotence. Incontinence is the inability to control urine and may result in dribbling of urine, especially immediately after surgery. Normal control usually returns within weeks or months after surgery. Impotence is the inability to achieve an erection. For a month, or so, after surgery, most men are not able to get an erection. Eventually, approximately 40 to 60 percent of men will be able to get an erection sufficient for sexual intercourse, but without ejaculation of semen, since removal of the prostate gland prevents that process.

Radiation therapy uses high energy rays to kill or shrink cancer cells, and to decrease their ability to divide. Radiation is often used to treat prostate cancer that is still confined to the prostate gland, or has spread only to nearby tissue. If the disease is advanced, radiation may be used to reduce the size of the tumor and to provide relief from symptoms. Possible side effects of radiation for prostate cancer may include diarrhea, with or without blood in the stool, and colitis, problems associated with urination, a degree of impotence (inability to get an erection), which may occur within two years of radiation therapy.

The goal of hormone therapy is to lower the level of male hormones in the body, particularly testosterone. Hormone therapy does not cure the cancer, and is often used to treat persons whose cancer has spread or recurred after treatment. Produced mainly in the testicles, testosterone causes prostate cancer cells to grow. Thus, reduced testosterone levels can make the prostate cancer shrink and become less active. Most studies show that hormone therapy works better if it is started early. Chemotherapy is the use of powerful, anti-cancer medications to kill cancer cells.. Hospitalization may be needed to monitor treatment and chemotherapy's side effects. Common side effects of chemotherapy include: nausea and vomiting, hair loss, anemia, reduced ability of blood to clot, mouth sores, increased likelihood of developing infections, fatigue. Most side effects disappear once treatment is stopped.

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Atypical Small Acinar Proliferation in the Prostate: Clinical
Infiltrative growth is a constant feature of prostate cancer but occurred in 68% to 75% of ASAP cases.2 All cancers have at least mild nuclear enlargement,

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AUA 2006 - Prostate Cancer Detection And Screening III
Atypical small acinar proliferation or ASAP is an entity regularly noted on prostate needle biopsies and associated with the detection of cancer at a later

Prostate cancer detection in men with an initial diagnosis of
RESULTS Of 61 cases of ASAP, there were complete follow-up data for 31. Hombre; Diagnostic; Diagnosis; Diagn£stico; Cancer prostate; Prostate cancer;

CAT.INIST
In earlier studies, prostate cancer (PCa) has been reported to appear in 21% to 48% Mean follow-up intervals in months were 6.0 for PIN, 3.8 for ASAP,

Lipitor side effects, please reply asap Archive - HealthBoards
Archive Lipitor side effects, please reply asap High Cholesterol. My point was that there is an increased risk of prostate cancer with the higher

Diagnostic tests and lab services for prostate, colorectal and
Diagnocure offers early prostate cancer detection, screening, diagnosis and Some patients with an ASAP diagnosis develop cancer while others do not.

P504S Immunostaining Boosts Diagnostic Resolution
An ASAP diagnosis places men at risk for prostate cancer that is equally significant, by pathologic measures, as cancer diagnosed without a preceding

P504S Immunostaining Boosts Diagnostic Resolution
In 1.5% to 9.0% of biopsy specimens among unselected series,1-6 one finds a localized proliferation of small acini that are suggestive of prostate cancer

ACS :: What Is Prostate Cancer?
If ASAP is found, there's about a 40% to 50% chance that cancer is also present in the prostate, which is why many doctors advise getting a repeat biopsy

Urology : Predictors of prostate cancer after initial diagnosis of
However, in the group with ASAP and HGPIN, the patients with a higher risk of having cancer were those with a larger prostate. This result might be due to

Urology : UP-02.19: Prostate cancer detection in men with an
Of these repeat biopsies, 13 had a diagnosis of prostate cancer, 5 ASAP and 4 were benign. Those with a diagnosis of prostate cancer had a predominant

Current Prostate Biopsy Interpretation: Criteria for Cancer
In our 1997 studies, HGPIN/ASAP held predictive values for cancer on repeat For the first purpose, prostate cancer diagnosis, the dominant ancillary

Current Prostate Biopsy Interpretation: Criteria for Cancer
Current Prostate Biopsy Interpretation: Criteria for Cancer, Among 35 men with ASAP diagnoses (excluding 6 with cancer in other cores of the original

Prostate cancer detection in men with an initial diagnosis of
ASAP diagnosis. Indeed, the only series with a. higher rate of prostate cancer after an initial. diagnosis of ASAP was at a unit that

eMedicine - Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia (PIN) : Article
This article reviews the frequency of HGPIN and ASAP, their relevance to prostate cancer, and the management of patients with these histologic findings.

Prostate cancer diagnosed after initial biopsy with atypical small
CONCLUSIONS: An ASAP diagnosis represents undersampled cancer in at least 40% of cases and places men at risk of prostate cancer with similar


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