Medical Treatments for Prostate CancerThere are many different medical treatments for prostate cancer that involve the clinical care of a healthcare professional. These treatments include expectant therapy, surgery, radiation therapy, hormone therapy, and chemotherapy. Expectant therapy is to carefully observe and monitor the prostate cancer. Because prostate cancer cells often spread very slowly, many older men who have the disease may not need more extensive treatment. However, expectant therapy usually includes routine physician examinations, including digital rectal exams and PSA tests. The different types of surgery for prostate cancer are radical prostatectomy - an open-surgery procedure in which the entire prostate gland and surrounding tissue are removed. Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) - surgery to remove part of the prostate gland that surrounds the urethra. Cryosurgery - this procedure involves killing the cancer cells by freezing them with a small metal tool placed in the tumor. Side effects of prostate cancer surgery include incontinence and impotence. Incontinence is the inability to control urine and may result in dribbling of urine, especially immediately after surgery. Normal control usually returns within weeks or months after surgery. Impotence is the inability to achieve an erection. For a month, or so, after surgery, most men are not able to get an erection. Eventually, approximately 40 to 60 percent of men will be able to get an erection sufficient for sexual intercourse, but without ejaculation of semen, since removal of the prostate gland prevents that process.Radiation therapy uses high energy rays to kill or shrink cancer cells, and to decrease their ability to divide. Radiation is often used to treat prostate cancer that is still confined to the prostate gland, or has spread only to nearby tissue. If the disease is advanced, radiation may be used to reduce the size of the tumor and to provide relief from symptoms. Possible side effects of radiation for prostate cancer may include diarrhea, with or without blood in the stool, and colitis, problems associated with urination, a degree of impotence (inability to get an erection), which may occur within two years of radiation therapy. The goal of hormone therapy is to lower the level of male hormones in the body, particularly testosterone. Hormone therapy does not cure the cancer, and is often used to treat persons whose cancer has spread or recurred after treatment. Produced mainly in the testicles, testosterone causes prostate cancer cells to grow. Thus, reduced testosterone levels can make the prostate cancer shrink and become less active. Most studies show that hormone therapy works better if it is started early. Chemotherapy is the use of powerful, anti-cancer medications to kill cancer cells.. Hospitalization may be needed to monitor treatment and chemotherapy's side effects. Common side effects of chemotherapy include: nausea and vomiting, hair loss, anemia, reduced ability of blood to clot, mouth sores, increased likelihood of developing infections, fatigue. Most side effects disappear once treatment is stopped. |
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Nature Clinical Practice Urology | Individualized assessment of Having had at least one previous negative prostate biopsy was significantly associated with reduced risk (P <0.001). Ethnicity, age at biopsy, DETERMINING RISK FOR PROSTATE CANCER AT PROSTATE BIOPSY USING We have examined a large panel of polymorphisms (13 genes) in determining whether they can change the risk for having prostate cancer at the time of biopsy High-Grade Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia on a Prostate The only independent histologic predictor of prostate cancer diagnosis on a subsequent biopsy was Áœthe number of cores with HGPIN.Á« The risk of prostate Prostate Cancer Biopsy Procedure Before undergoing the biopsy, a patient may take antibiotics to reduce the risk of infection after the prostate biopsy. The patient also should stop Urology : MP-10.06: The rate of prostate cancer on needle biopsy While such profile normally should indicate similar to lower risk for prostate cancer, the positive prostate cancer biopsy rate in HIV patients was IngentaConnect Trends and risk factors for prostate biopsy Trends and risk factors for prostate biopsy complications in the pre-PSA and PSA eras, 1980 to 1997. Authors: Roberts R.O.1; Bergstralh E.J.; Besse J.A.; Factors Predicting High-risk Prostate Cancer Prior to Biopsy Presence of high-risk prostate cancer can be predicted without a biopsy by focusing on a man's age, digital rectal exam and PSA density, new study says. Larger Prostate Causes Higher Frequency of Infectious The pre-biopsy risk factors set were prostate volume ( ge 40 ml), transitional zone (TZ) volume ( ge 20 ml), core number of biopsy ( ge Urologische Klinik der Charitö© Campus Mitte Since biopsy of the prostate carries some risk for the patient, its necessity should be assessed very carefully. The use of an artificial neuronal network Understanding Prostate Changes - National Cancer Institute A man's decision to have a prostate biopsy requires a thoughtful discussion with his physician, considering not only the PSA level, but also his other risk High-risk prostate cancer can be predicted without a biopsy, new While prostate cancer is a very common diagnosis, it is a deadly disease in relatively few men. One in 6 men will develop prostate cancer during his Presence Of High-risk Prostate Cancer Can Be Predicted Without A Presence Of High-risk Prostate Cancer Can Be Predicted Without A Biopsy, New Study Says. ScienceDaily (May 22, 2005) Á” PORTLAND, Ore. -- While prostate Needle Biopsy | Prostate Cancer Information | UPMC Cancer Centers A prostate needle biopsy is a surgical procedure in which a small sample of A sextant (six-part) biopsy is the most common prostate biopsy procedure. High-Risk Prostate Cancer Predicted Without Biopsy Presence OF High-Risk Prostate Cancer Can Be Predicted Without A Biopsy, New Study Says (May 16, 2005) National Cancer Institute - Early Detection Research Network As about 80% of men had a prostate biopsy with six cores, if more than six cores are obtained at biopsy, a greater risk of cancer may be expected. Should you have a biopsy? Do biopsies pose a risk of spreading the cancer? . Prostate biopsy requires surgery or the insertion of a needle into the prostate gland, ACS :: Can Prostate Cancer Be Found Early? Men at high risk, such as African Americans and men who have a If your PSA level is high, your doctor may advise a prostate biopsy (see section, Prostate biopsy Prostate biopsy performed with a needle is a low-risk procedure. The possible complications include some bleeding into the urethra, bleeding from the rectum Presence of high-risk prostate cancer can be predicted without a Presence of high-risk prostate cancer can be predicted without a biopsy, new study says. Identifying high-risk prostate cancer means more prudent treatment |
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