Medical Treatments for Prostate Cancer

There are many different medical treatments for prostate cancer that involve the clinical care of a healthcare professional. These treatments include expectant therapy, surgery, radiation therapy, hormone therapy, and chemotherapy. Expectant therapy is to carefully observe and monitor the prostate cancer. Because prostate cancer cells often spread very slowly, many older men who have the disease may not need more extensive treatment. However, expectant therapy usually includes routine physician examinations, including digital rectal exams and PSA tests. The different types of surgery for prostate cancer are radical prostatectomy - an open-surgery procedure in which the entire prostate gland and surrounding tissue are removed. Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) - surgery to remove part of the prostate gland that surrounds the urethra. Cryosurgery - this procedure involves killing the cancer cells by freezing them with a small metal tool placed in the tumor. Side effects of prostate cancer surgery include incontinence and impotence. Incontinence is the inability to control urine and may result in dribbling of urine, especially immediately after surgery. Normal control usually returns within weeks or months after surgery. Impotence is the inability to achieve an erection. For a month, or so, after surgery, most men are not able to get an erection. Eventually, approximately 40 to 60 percent of men will be able to get an erection sufficient for sexual intercourse, but without ejaculation of semen, since removal of the prostate gland prevents that process.

Radiation therapy uses high energy rays to kill or shrink cancer cells, and to decrease their ability to divide. Radiation is often used to treat prostate cancer that is still confined to the prostate gland, or has spread only to nearby tissue. If the disease is advanced, radiation may be used to reduce the size of the tumor and to provide relief from symptoms. Possible side effects of radiation for prostate cancer may include diarrhea, with or without blood in the stool, and colitis, problems associated with urination, a degree of impotence (inability to get an erection), which may occur within two years of radiation therapy.

The goal of hormone therapy is to lower the level of male hormones in the body, particularly testosterone. Hormone therapy does not cure the cancer, and is often used to treat persons whose cancer has spread or recurred after treatment. Produced mainly in the testicles, testosterone causes prostate cancer cells to grow. Thus, reduced testosterone levels can make the prostate cancer shrink and become less active. Most studies show that hormone therapy works better if it is started early. Chemotherapy is the use of powerful, anti-cancer medications to kill cancer cells.. Hospitalization may be needed to monitor treatment and chemotherapy's side effects. Common side effects of chemotherapy include: nausea and vomiting, hair loss, anemia, reduced ability of blood to clot, mouth sores, increased likelihood of developing infections, fatigue. Most side effects disappear once treatment is stopped.

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Nature Clinical Practice Urology | Preoperative behavioral
The authors conclude that preoperative training can reduce the duration and severity of incontinence after prostatectomy, and that further research is

Blackwell Synergy - BJU Int, Volume 92 Issue 9 Page 886-889
Incontinence after prostatectomy: the artificial urinary sphincter The reported incidence of stress incontinence after open prostatectomy for benign

Prostate - Urinary Incontinence after Robotic Prostatectomy
Urinary Incontinence after Robotic Prostatectomy. by Marc Greenstein Friday, November 16, 2007. I would like to continue reviewing robotic surgery and its

IngentaConnect Treatment of incontinence after prostatectomy using
To evaluate the safety and efficacy of a new minimally invasive urological implant for incontinence after prostatectomy. PATIENTS AND METHODS

Urinary Incontinence After Radical Retropubic Prostatectomy
Urinary Incontinence After Radical Retropubic Prostatectomy. Steven R Potter, MD and Alan W Partin, MD, PhD. The Brady Urological Institute,

Quick, Innovative Procedure Helps Men Minimize Incontinence After
Quick, Innovative Procedure Helps Men Minimize Incontinence After Prostatectomy. ScienceDaily (May 12, 2007) â” Thousands of men facing surgical removal of

Quick, Innovative Procedure Helps Men Minimize Incontinence After
More on Quick, Innovative Procedure Helps Men Minimize Incontinence After Prostatectomy. New Prostate Cancer Study Affirms Value of PSA Test

New Procedure Minimizes Incontinence After Prostatectomy
New Procedure Minimizes Incontinence After Prostatectomy.

Sexual Dysfunction and Urinary Incontinence After Prostatectomy
Most outcome data on various strategies for localized prostate cancer treatment are drawn from highly selected populations.

Quick Procedure Minimizes Incontinence After Prostatectomy
Quick Procedure Minimizes Incontinence After Prostatectomy. Submitted by BJS on Sat, 2007-05-12 06:30. Topic:. bioscience and medicine

News - New Procedure Helps Men Minimize Incontinence After
New Procedure Helps Men Minimize Incontinence After Prostatectomy. NEW YORK, NY -- May 14, 2007 -- Thousands of men facing surgical removal of the prostate

Incontinence | Prostate Cancer Information | UPMC Cancer Centers
Stress incontinence resolves in up to 97 percent of men affected after radical retropubic prostatectomy, but can take up to three years to resolve.

ACS :: Surgery
Stress incontinence is the most common type of incontinence after prostate surgery. returns within several weeks or months after radical prostatectomy.

Incontinence after prostatectomy: the artificial urinary sphincter.
Incontinence after prostatectomy: the artificial urinary sphincter. Tse V, Stone AR. Department of Urology, University of California Davis, Sacramento,

Incontinence and the bladder, information about
Men may experience some degree of stress incontinence after prostate treatment, . during a transurethral or radical prostatectomy is almost unavoidable.

Radical prostatectomy
A radical prostatectomy is an operation to remove the prostate gland and some of Some men may require treatment for incontinence after prostatectomy,

Total Incontinence After Prostatectomy - HealingWell.com Forum
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Dr. Catalona Discusses Continence After A Radical Prostatectomy
Understanding the connection of a radical prostatectomy to continence, and to the temporary incontinence after the operation, is a matter of understanding


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