Medical Treatments for Prostate Cancer

There are many different medical treatments for prostate cancer that involve the clinical care of a healthcare professional. These treatments include expectant therapy, surgery, radiation therapy, hormone therapy, and chemotherapy. Expectant therapy is to carefully observe and monitor the prostate cancer. Because prostate cancer cells often spread very slowly, many older men who have the disease may not need more extensive treatment. However, expectant therapy usually includes routine physician examinations, including digital rectal exams and PSA tests. The different types of surgery for prostate cancer are radical prostatectomy - an open-surgery procedure in which the entire prostate gland and surrounding tissue are removed. Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) - surgery to remove part of the prostate gland that surrounds the urethra. Cryosurgery - this procedure involves killing the cancer cells by freezing them with a small metal tool placed in the tumor. Side effects of prostate cancer surgery include incontinence and impotence. Incontinence is the inability to control urine and may result in dribbling of urine, especially immediately after surgery. Normal control usually returns within weeks or months after surgery. Impotence is the inability to achieve an erection. For a month, or so, after surgery, most men are not able to get an erection. Eventually, approximately 40 to 60 percent of men will be able to get an erection sufficient for sexual intercourse, but without ejaculation of semen, since removal of the prostate gland prevents that process.

Radiation therapy uses high energy rays to kill or shrink cancer cells, and to decrease their ability to divide. Radiation is often used to treat prostate cancer that is still confined to the prostate gland, or has spread only to nearby tissue. If the disease is advanced, radiation may be used to reduce the size of the tumor and to provide relief from symptoms. Possible side effects of radiation for prostate cancer may include diarrhea, with or without blood in the stool, and colitis, problems associated with urination, a degree of impotence (inability to get an erection), which may occur within two years of radiation therapy.

The goal of hormone therapy is to lower the level of male hormones in the body, particularly testosterone. Hormone therapy does not cure the cancer, and is often used to treat persons whose cancer has spread or recurred after treatment. Produced mainly in the testicles, testosterone causes prostate cancer cells to grow. Thus, reduced testosterone levels can make the prostate cancer shrink and become less active. Most studies show that hormone therapy works better if it is started early. Chemotherapy is the use of powerful, anti-cancer medications to kill cancer cells.. Hospitalization may be needed to monitor treatment and chemotherapy's side effects. Common side effects of chemotherapy include: nausea and vomiting, hair loss, anemia, reduced ability of blood to clot, mouth sores, increased likelihood of developing infections, fatigue. Most side effects disappear once treatment is stopped.

immunohistochemical prostate stain
Brief report â˜Pseudoadenomatoidâ™ tumour of prostate
lesions were found in further blocks of prostate. Mucin and immunohistochemical stains were. carried. out. on paraffin sections of the prostate,

The American Journal of Surgical Pathology - Fulltext: Volume 30(7
Immunohistochemical results further mimicked prostate cancer with negative stains for the basal cell markers high-molecular weight cytokeratin (n=6) and p63

UESC Immunohistochemistry data
Experiment Description: An immunohistochemical comparison of various anti-CD antibodies in many different mouse bladder and prostate tissue sections.

Sensitivity Immunohistochemistry and Polymerase Chain Reaction in
Prostate neoplasms; Immunohistochemistry; Polymerase. chain reaction. 41505-51 . antibody will stain lymphoid cells and confirm the antigenicity of the

CiteULike: Immunohistochemical staining of prostate cancer with
Immunohistochemical staining of prostate cancer with monoclonal antibodies and malignant prostatic glandular tissue and did not stain stromal, vascular,

Applied Immunohistochemistry & Molecular Morphology - Fulltext
High-molecular-weight cytokeratin 34βE12 is the most commonly used immunohistochemical stain in the diagnosis of prostate carcinoma.

Modern Pathology - Mucin-producing urothelial-type adenocarcinoma
Immunohistochemical staining characteristics of mucin-producing satellite foci of intraductal spread with the prostate (H&E stain, all panels times 50).

IngentaConnect Determining prognosis of clinically localized
Strict quality control and newer antigen retrieval techniques reveal p53 abnormalities in many prostate cancers. Immunohistochemical detection of mutant p53

What's A Special Stain?
The findings were confirmed by AMACR immunohistochemistry performed on several tissue microarrays containing common human tumors, including prostate, colon,

Immunohistochemistry in diagnostic surgical pathology of the prostate.
Prostate specific antigen (PSA) and prostate specific acid phosphatase (PSAP) are PSA and PSAP immunohistochemical stains are valuable in confirming

Immunohistochemical analysis of bgr-tubulin isotypes in human
Immunohistochemical Analysis of -Tubulin. Isotypes in Human Prostate isotype stain from BPH to cancer in 77% of the patients, suggesting that the

International braz j urol -
BACKGROUND: Prostate basal cell lesions can have architectural and cytologic atypia that mimic prostate adenocarcinoma. Immunohistochemical stains for basal

Using an AMACR (P504S)/34bE12/p63 Cocktail for the Detection
An analysis of the p63/a-methylacyl coenzyme A racemase immunohistochemical cocktail stain in prostate needle biopsy specimens and tissue microarrays.

Immunohistochemical Demonstration of Phospho-Akt in High Gleason
no tumor cells stain, 1 when 10â“20% of cells stain (weak), 2 . Immunohistochemical examination of paraffin-embedded. human prostate cancer showed that

Urothelial and Prostate Carcinoma Metastasizing to the Same Lymph Node
Although we suspected both urothelial carcinoma and prostate adenocarcinoma in the same lymph node, we used immunohistochemical stains to differentiate

Melanosis of the prostate: an immunohistochemical study
Immunohistochemical stainabilities of pigment laden cells and lead citrate stains. Bar. 1.0*m. the prostate, some cases of melanosis are combined with

Patient Services - Immunohistochemistry
Moderate to strong staining of this protein is seen in prostate cancer and Negative immunohistochemical stain for basal cells is not diagnostic of

The Journal of Urology : IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL MARKERS IN THE
In 2000 it was reported that immunohistochemical staining for p63 is rare in Although it has been shown to stain more than 80% of prostate cancers,


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